A serum lipid panel is an easy blood test that tells us your four of your cholesterol values: LDL, HDL, Total Cholesterol, and Triglycerides. LDL and HDL are two proteins that carry cholesterol in your blood, LDL is “bad” cholesterol and HDL is “good” cholesterol. The panel also measures triglycerides which are the main constituents of natural fats and oils. The total Cholesterol is a measure of cholesterol components. LDL is the number we watch the most closely when discussing risk for cardiovascular disease.